Cinematography

media type="youtube" key="4316BUEVYkE" width="560" height="315" =SHOTS AND MOVEMENT = Shot: A single piece of film uninterrupted by cuts. the three main ways to describe shots are: In your storyboards you will use all of these elements to describe shots and movement. In addition utilize the key concept of the Rule of Thirds to compose your shots. Key Concept The Rule of 3rds:
 * The size of the shot
 * The movement of the shot
 * The height-angle of the shot
 * What is in the shot, or the purpose of the shot

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**Shot Sizes**: The size of the shot is determined by the size of the person (or an object roughly the same size as a person) inside of the frame.

**Extreme wide shot** (XWS): the person’s entire body takes up less than ~50%of the shot

**Wide shot** (WS): the person’s entire body takes up between 50% to almost 100% of the shot

**Long shot** (LS): the person’s entire body fills up about 100% of the shot

**Medium long shot** (MLS): we see about 75% of the person (usually from the knees up)

**Medium shot** (MS): We see about 50% of the person (usually from the waist up)

**Medium close-up** (MCU): we see about 25% of the person (usually from the chest up)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Close-up**(CU): we see a single complete part of the person’s body (usually the head).

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Extreme close-up** (XCU): we see a detail of the person’s body (the eyes, the mouth, a finger,etc…)

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Height-angle:
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Normal angle**: the camera is usually placed at the same height as the head (more specifically usually the eyes) of the person we are shooting. So we look directly at the person/object

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**High angle**: the camera is placed above the person’s head (or above the object being shot) and is tilted down to frame it. So we are looking down at the person/object

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Low angle**: the camera is placed below the person’s head (or below the object being shot) and tilted up to frame it. So we are looking up at the person/object

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Shot movements:
<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Still shot**: A shot that does not move


 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Birds eye view of camera below **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Track:** the camera moves it’s position to the right or left

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Pan:** The camera stays in place and turns to the right or left

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Dolly:** the camera moves it’s position in or out

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Zoom:** the camera stays in place and using the zoom control on the lens you zoom in or out (you need a zoom lens to do this, not all lenses are zoom lenses)

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 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">The difference between a Dolly and a Zoom **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Rack Focus:** shifts focus of the lens during a shot from a turning the the focal ring on a lens.

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<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Tilt:** the camera stays in a fixed position but rotates up/down in a vertical plane.

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">**Crane:** the camera moves it’s position up or down

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Establishing Shot: Often a long shot or a series of shots that sets the scene. It is used to establish setting and to show transitions between locations. (Find an example on Youtube and embed in your process journal.)
 * <span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Framing of the Shot: **

<span style="font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">Two Shot: (TS) A scene between two people shot exclusively from an angle that includes both characters more or less equally. It is used where the interaction between the two characters is important.

Over The Shoulder Shot (OS): In a character interaction where the camera catches the shoulder of one of the actors. Also called a Dirty Single

More on [|Shots] [|Uses and meaning in shots]

[|Camera Angles] [|Camera Movement]